Amateka yamabati ya aluminium
Inzoga zipakira n'ibinyobwa bipfunyika bifite amateka yimyaka irenga 70. Mu ntangiriro ya 1930, Amerika yatangiye gukora ibyuma by'inzoga. Ibi bice bitatu birashobora gukorwa muri tinplate. Igice cyo hejuru cyumubiri wikigega kimeze nka cone, naho igice cyo hejuru kimeze nk'ikamba. Isura rusange muri rusange ntaho itandukaniye cyane niy'amacupa yikirahure, bityo umurongo wuzuza icupa ryikirahuri wakoreshejwe mukuzuza mugitangira. Mu myaka ya za 1950, ni bwo umurongo wabigenewe wuzuye wabonetse. Igipfundikizo gishobora guhinduka muburyo buringaniye hagati ya 1950 hanyuma kigahinduka umupfundikizo wa aluminium mu myaka ya za 1960.
ibinyobwa bya aluminiyumu byagaragaye mbere mu mpera za 1950, kandi amabati abiri ya DWI yasohotse ku mugaragaro mu ntangiriro ya za 1960. Iterambere ryibikoresho bya aluminiyumu birihuta cyane. Mu mpera z'iki kinyejana, imikoreshereze y’umwaka imaze kugera kuri miliyari zirenga 180, kikaba aricyo cyiciro kinini mu bikoresho byose by’ibyuma ku isi (hafi miliyari 400). Imikoreshereze ya aluminiyumu ikoreshwa mu gukora amabati ya aluminiyumu nayo iriyongera vuba. Mu 1963, yari hafi ya zeru. Mu 1997, yageze kuri toni miliyoni 3.6, bingana na 15% by'ibikoresho byose bya aluminiyumu ku isi.
Ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora amabati ya aluminiyumu ryakomeje kunozwa.
Mu myaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo, tekinoroji yo gukora amabati ya aluminiyumu yagiye ikomeza kunozwa. Uburemere bwibikoresho bya aluminiyumu bwaragabanutse cyane. Mu ntangiriro ya za 1960, uburemere bwa buri bombo ya aluminiyumu igihumbi (harimo n'umubiri wa kanseri n'umupfundikizo) byageze ku biro 55 (hafi kilo 25), naho hagati mu myaka ya za 70 bigabanuka kugera ku biro 44.8 (25 kg). Kilogramu), yagabanutse kugera ku biro 33 (mu kilo 15) mu mpera z'imyaka ya za 90, none ubu yagabanutse kugera munsi y'ibiro 30, ni hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy'ibyo mu myaka 40 ishize. Mu myaka 20 kuva 1975 kugeza 1995, umubare wibikoresho bya aluminiyumu (garama 12 zubushobozi) bikozwe muri pound 1 ya aluminiyumu wiyongereyeho 35%. Byongeye kandi, dukurikije imibare y’isosiyete y'Abanyamerika ALCOA, ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu bisabwa kuri buri gati ya aluminiyumu yagabanutse kuva ku biro 25.8 mu 1988 bikagera ku biro 22.5 mu 1998 hanyuma bigabanuka kugera ku biro 22.3 mu 2000. Amasosiyete akora inganda z’Abanyamerika yakomeje gutera intambwe mu gufunga imashini n’ubundi buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga, bityo umubyimba w’ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu muri Amerika wagabanutse kuri mm 0.343 muri 1984 na 0.283 mm muri 1984 na 0.283 mm muri 1984 na 0.283 mm muri 1984 na 0.283 mm mu 1992.
Iterambere ryoroheje muri aluminiyumu irashobora gufunga nabyo biragaragara. Umubyimba wa aluminiyumu urashobora kuva kuri mm 039 mu ntangiriro ya za 1960 ukagera kuri mm 0.36 mu myaka ya za 70, ukava kuri mm 0,28 ukagera kuri mm 0,30 muri 1980, na mm 0,24 hagati ya 1980. Diameter yigitereko nacyo cyaragabanutse. Uburemere bwibipfundikizo bwakomeje kugabanuka. Mu 1974, uburemere bw'amabati igihumbi ya aluminiyumu bwari ibiro 13, mu 1980 bwaragabanutse bugera ku biro 12, mu 1984 bugabanuka bugera ku biro 11, mu 1986 bugabanuka bugera ku biro 10, naho mu 1990 na 1992 bugabanuka bugera ku biro 9 n'ibiro 9. Ibiro 8, byagabanutse kugera kuri pound 6,6 mu 2002. Umuvuduko wo gukora kanseri wateye imbere cyane, kuva 650-1000cpm (ku munota gusa) mu myaka ya za 70 ukagera kuri 1000-1750cpm muri za 1980 ndetse na 2000cpm zirenga ubu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-28-2021